Thursday, January 21, 2021

Vegetable/Herb/Flower Seed List Updated 1/21/2021

OG = organic seed

 

Beans: (approx. 24 seeds per packet)

Blue Lake 7 – pole, 60 days

Bountiful – bush bean, 45-50 days

Empress – bush, 55 days

Mayflower – pole bean, 95 days

Climbing French Bean – pole bean, edible 4-7” pods, 65-75 days

Contender – bush bean, 55 days

Painted Pony – bush, 60 days pod, 90 days bean

Tiger Eye – half-pole, 80-90 days

Unknown variety

 

Lettuce:

Arugula – green, 40 days

Better Devil – OG, romaine, purple ruffled, 56 days

Bronze Mignonette - from Siberia, very cold tolerant, oakleaf shaped leaves, green with bronze tips, 50 days

Burpee Bibb – green, 75 days

Burpee Bibb – OG, green, 75 days

Buttercrunch – butterhead, 65 days

Cinnamon – romaine leaf, ruby rust red, 45 days

Little gem – mini romaine, 50-55 days

Lolla Rossa – OG, red looseleaf, 55 days

Parris White Cos  - romaine, 65-70 days

Parris Island Romaine – OG, romaine, 65 days

Prizehead – inner leaves green, outer leaves purple to bronze, 45 days

Rocky Top – blend or red, bronze, green, 38-45 days

Rogue d’Hiver, red, 70 days

Mesclun, mixed, 20-45 days

Winter Density – romaine, 44 days

Salad Bowl Mix

Gourmet Blend Seed Tape– OG, mixture looseleaf, 44 days

 

 

Peas:  (approx. 24 seeds per packet)

Champion of England – shelling pea, 60-75 days

Extra Early Little Marvel – shelling pea, 58-63 days

Early Perfection – shelling pea, 3” pods, 66 days

Homesteader – shelling pea, 65 days

Mammoth Melting – snow pea, 65 days

PLS 14 – OG, shelling, 50 days

Progress #9 – shelling pea, 58 days

Sugar Ann – snap pea, edible pods, 20” vines, 51 days

Tom Thumb – OG, shelling pea, 50-55 days

 

 

Peppers:

Banana – sweet pepper, yellow, 60 days

California Wonder – OG, sweet green bell, 75 days

Serrano – hot

Thai – hot

Wisconsin Lakes – OG, sweet red bell, 75-85 days

 

Tomatoes: Regular Sized:

Black Giant – purple-black, 6-14oz, 65-85 days

Black Krim – dark red-purple, 80 days

Brandywine – red, 80-100 days

Box Car Willie – red, 12-18oz, 80 days

Copia – gold and yellow stripes, 1lb, 85 days

Dakota Sport – red, 65-75 days

Earl of Edgecombe – orange, 3”, 70-75 days

German Johnson – red, 1-2lb, 80 days

Gold Medal – orange-yellow with red, 75-90 days

Hungarian Heart – reddish-pink, 1lb, 80 days

Pink Brandywine – pink, 1-2lbs, 80-100 days

Rozovyi Izumnyi – pink, 85 days

Vinson Watts – pink, 10-16oz, 85 days

 

Tomatoes: Cherry/Lunchbox Size:

Blue Berries – dark purple, 75 days

Chinese yellow – yellow, pear shaped, 75 days

Current Sweet Pea – red, very tiny, 75-80 days

Fox Cherry – red, 75 days

Garden Peach – light yellow, 2-3oz, 75 days

German Lunchbox  –  pinkish red, 70-80 days

Gold Nugget – golden, 1-2”, 60 days

Green Doctors – green, 85 days

Green Zebra – olive yellow, 3oz, 70-80 days     

Jaune Flamme – orange, 2-4oz, 70 days

Kazachka – red/green, 1-2”

Matt’s Wild Cherry – deep red, 55 days

Mexican Midget – red, 60-70 days

Tommy Toe – red, 70 days

Yellow Pear – yellow pear shaped

 

Tomatoes: Roma/Paste Tomatoes:

Amish Paste – red, 8-12oz, 80 days

Martino’s Red Roma – red, 3” long, 75-80 days

San Marzano – red, 5”long, 75 days

Striped Roman – orange stripes, 75-80 days

 

 

Other Veggies

These plants are considered ‘difficult’ to save their seeds because they either cross-pollinate easily within their family of plants or they are a biennial so it takes 2 years for them to produce seeds. Only save the seeds from these plants if you can ensure they have not been cross-pollinated. These plants need between 600ft – ½ mile between varieties to ensure no cross-pollination. Most of these seeds are from commercial growers who can ensure they are not cross-pollinated.

 

Broccoli – Calabrese – 5-8” heads, 58-90 days

Asian Greens:

            Hon Tsai Tai – 40 days

Tatsoi, 21-45 days

Cabbage:

Brunswick – 6-9 lbs, 85-95 days

Early Jersey Wakefield – 3-4 lbs, 60-70 days

Carrots:

St. Valery – Red-orange, excellent storage, 12”, 80-90 days

Red Core Chantenay – red core, wide shoulders, good heavy soils, 5”, 70 days

Rouge Demi-Longue de Chantenay – red core, 65-70 dys

Celery – start by Feb 15, 100-120 days

Chard – Red Rhubarb – dark red veins, 50-60 days

Corn – Glass Gem  - 120 days

Cress - Belle Island – rich in Vitamin A&C, calcium, iron, 50 days

Cucumbers:

            Hmong Red – grows from white-pale green-yellow-red, best eaten yellow, 4-5”

Lemon – round, yellow tennis sized balls, 65 days

Marketmore 76 – slicing cucumber, green, 8-9”, 63 days

Mexican Sour Gherkin – tiny 1”, sweet cucumber flavor with a tang, 60-70 days

Russian Pickling – smooth skin, sweet crisp, 50-55 days

Spacemaster 80 – dwarf plants, 8” fruit, 60 days

Grain – Jacob’s Tears – ancient grain, 4-6’ tall

Kale – Lacinato – blue-green, 65-80 days

Kohlrabi – Blauer Speck – violet-blue color, 60 days

Melons:

            Iroquoise Cantaloupe – 90-100 days

Petit Gris de Rennes cantaloupe – 2 lbs, 85 days

PMR Delicious cantaloupe– 2-3 lbs, 75-80 days

Hearts of Gold cantaloupe – 2-3 lbs, 80-90 days

Kajari melon – copper-red & green striped, light green flesh, 2-3 lbs, 60-70 days

Black Diamond Watermelon – 30-50 lbs, 60-90 days

Sugar Baby Watermelon- <10lbs, 65-85 days

Microgreens - radish

Okra – Clemson Spineless – 2-3”, 56 days

Pak Choy – Hong Tae – 50-55 days

Radish:

Chinese Green Luobo – bright green, 50-75 days

Chinese Red Meat – green/white outside, rosy red inside, 2-4”, 50 days

Champion – red, mild flavor, 25 days

D’Avignon – 3-4” long, slender, white tip, 21 days

Early Scarlet – 1-2” long, 20-28 days

Philadelphia White Root – white, spicy, 30 days

Sparkler White Top – 1” white tops, red bottoms, sweet, 24 days

White Icicle – 5” cylindrical white roots, 27-35 days

Rhubarb – start seeds indoors, grow 1 year before harvesting

Spinach:

            America – heat & drought tolerant, 8” tall, 43-55 days

Caucasian Mountain (Hablitzia tamnoides) – long lived, semi shade vine, edible leaves & shoots

Good King Henry – perennial spinach, edible leaves, seeds need stratification

Red Malabar – tropical vine like spinach, 50-70 days

Squash:

Eight ball zucchini – 3-4” round, green zucchini, 55 days

Sweet Meat (winter) – bluish grey winter squash, 100 days

Tomatillos:

Grande Rio Verde – 3-4 oz, 80-85 days

Aunt Molly’s – small yellow fruit, 75-90 days

Green - green, 60 days

Turnip – Purple Top White Globe – 4-6” white roots, pink top, sweet, 55 days

 

Herbs

Most herbs are considered ‘difficult’ to save their seeds as they cross-pollinate easily with other varieties of the same type. Only save seeds from these plants if you can ensure they have not been cross-pollinated by ensuring no other plant of the same type was within 1600 ft.

The seed library has commercial packets of seeds for basil- cinnamon, basil – mammolo, catnip, lemon balm, parsley, sage, salad burnet, tarragon and thyme.

 

Basil:

Cinnamon

Italian Genovse - OG

Mammolo

unknown variety – locally harvested

Catnip - OG

Cilantro

Dill

Garlic Chives

Lemon Balm - OG

Lovage

Parsley

Dark Green Flat - OG:

Moss Curled

Italian Giant

Parsley Root

Sage – OG, Common

Salad Burnett

Tarragon

Thyme - OG

 

Flowers

Most flowers are pollinated by insects which means there can be cross-pollination between varieties of the same type of flower. This can result in different heights or color of blooms than the original plant.

 

Annual Flowers:

Angel Trumpet

Bachelor Button

Bee’s Friend

Browallia

Calendula

Cosmos – yellow to tangerine in color, Sensation mix

Cutflower mix

Dahlia – Coltness, Mixed

Four O’Clocks – mixed colors

Impatiens

Indian Blanket

Korean Angelica

Marigold – Snowdrift (white), Disco Marietta, yellow, orange

Morning Glory – Milky Way, Grandpa Ott

Nasturtium – Purple Emperor

Ornamental peppers

Poppy – double pink, red

Runner Bean –Scarlet

Tithonia

 

Perennial Flowers:

Baptisia/False Indigo

Blanket Flower – Arizona Sun

Balloon Flower

Foxglove – purple

Globe Thistle – Blue Glow

Lily – Blackberry

Obedient Plant – white

 

 

Monday, January 18, 2021

Growing Food Indoors - Notes

 

Growing Food Indoors

 Why Grow Your Food Indoors?

·               Fresher - produce is only a few steps away instead of traveling maybe hundreds of miles

·               Tastes better

·               Fun! Get your kids or grandkids involved with hands on science

 

What does a plant need?

Light

-          Most food producing plants need 6+ hours of light a day

-          A south facing window may provide 8-9 hours of light in the January if everyday was sunny

     Jan 1 : 8 hr 50 min from sunrise to sunset to

     Jan 31 : 9 hr 43 min from sunrise to sunset

-          Minnesota averages 15 cloudy days in January or about 157 hours of sun in the month which averages 5 hours per day

Supplemental Light Options

Grow lights come in many styles, sizes and prices.

Find at home stores, garden centers and online.

Find a model that you can adjust the height of the light.

24 hours timer and extension cord are good additions

Advantages – can be setup anywhere even in out of the way places like a basement or a room with no windows.

An older article, but still relevant, by Jeff Gillman who used to be a professor at the University of MN.is still useful.

https://www.finegardening.com/article/get-the-right-light

 

The Heliospectra lights mentioned in the article are like the Rolerdo or Unifun and other lights sold at Amazon. They have both red and blue light which would be beneficial to many types and stages of plants.

 

Here is a more recent review on grow lights

https://www.thespruce.com/best-grow-lights-4158720

 

Support and Nutrients

Plants need a support for their root structure

Plants also need nutrients taken up through their roots to grow leaves, stems and fruit

 

Methods of Support and Nutrients

Traditional pots or trays with potting mix to support the plant and provide nutrients.

Use fresh potting soil to reduce disease.

Use any type of container that has sufficient drainage. Reuse plastic food containers!

Fertilize regularly as food plants need food to make food.

Hydroponic systems which use pods or similar structure to hold the plant and the water and nutrients.

 

Water

Outdoor growing plants get their needs fulfilled naturally.

Indoor plants depend on humans to fulfill their needs.

 

What to Grow?

•   Crops where we eat the leaves – lettuce, kale, spinach, chard, scallions, herbs. Need less light except herbs.

•   Crops where we eat the roots – carrots (small varieties), radish, ginger, turmeric. Need a long growing period.

•   Crops where we eat the fruit – small peppers, cherry tomatoes. Need high amounts of light and long and warm growing period.

•   Crops where we eat the seeds, stems and leaves – sprouts, shoots, and microgreens. These are some of the quickest crops.

Crops Where we Eat the Leaves

 

Grow as you would outdoors making sure the container has room for about 4” of root

 

Scallions can be grown from another scallion bottom in a glass of water

 

Look for shorter day varieties.

Averages:      lettuce – 30-60 days

                        spinach – 25-30 days

                        kale – 50-70 days

                        basil – 50-70 days

           

 

Crops Where we Eat the Roots

Make sure container is deep enough to hold the length of the root.

 

Plastic rectangular tubs may work better than traditional pots as their sides are vertical. Poke holes in bottom for drainage.

 

Ginger and turmeric are perennials. They can be grown inside and then placed outside for the summer.

 

Radish – 20-30 days,  Carrots – 50-70 days

 

 

 

Crops Where we Eat the Fruits

These plants need 14-16 hours of light per day!

 

They also need warm temps to germinate (65ºF+), and then for growth they need temps 75º-85ºF. 

 

Longer growing time

            cherry tomatoes ~ 60 days from transplants

            peppers ~ 60-80 days from transplants

 

Hand pollinate as no insects indoors

 

Try smaller sized peppers or cherry tomatoes

 

Need regular fertilizer

 

Crops Where we eat the Seeds, Stems and Leaves

This includes sprouts, shoots and microgreens.

 

The main difference between all these is the length of time the plant is grown before harvesting.

 

Cleanliness is important!

 

Sprouts

•   Sprouts are the first stage of germination. They take from 3 to 7 days to produce and are sprouted using a rinse of water over that time (either in a jar or sprouting tray). Sprouting requires very little supplemental light, as they do very little growing beyond the germination stage. Supplemental nutrition is not needed; the tiny seeds have all they need for this stage and period of growth, and you eat both the sprout and the seed.

•   Typical crops include: alfalfa, radish, bean, broccoli, wheat

•   Since you eat the seeds and the sprouts you may want to consider organic sources

 

 

Shoots

•   Shoots require a longer period of growth. They are usually sown in a growing medium and take 7 to 14 days to grow to the point of harvest. The result is a larger and sturdier shoot, since the seeds are able to create a more mature and elaborate root system in the soil. The shoots require some form of supplemental light to grow.

•   Typical crops include: peas, sunflowers, buckwheat, nasturtiums

 

Microgreens

•   The term Microgreen is used a couple of different ways. One is to describe the greens that reach the next stage of maturity after ‘shoots’. These are the greens grown from 14-21 days, which tend to have a greater leaf mass than shoots but less than ‘baby’ greens (baby greens is the stage from 21 days onward). Because of the longer growing period, these greens require a greater source of light and nutritional supplementation. Microgreens is also used as a general term to describe everything grown to a lesser stage than ‘baby’ sized (21 days or less).

•   Typical microgreens includes: chard, kale, beet, radish, cilantro, collards, onion, basil

 

Notes

Keep your plants healthy - use very clean containers, fresh potting soil, plenty of light, not too much water.

 

Consider running a small fan to help move the air near your plants.

 

Indoor plants frequently are smaller and produce smaller yields than the same plants grown outdoors.

 

Days to Maturity – Average number of days from seeding date to harvest. If a transplanted crop: average number of days from transplant date.

 

Keep records so you’ll know what worked for next winter.

 

Enjoy your harvest!

 

References:

https://www.wunderground.com/calendar/us/mn/fort-snelling/KMSP/date/2021-1

https://www.currentresults.com/Weather/Minnesota/average-sunshine-january.php

http://www.sunriseorganicgardens.ca/microgreen-shoot-or-sprout/

 

©Jan 2021